UK Grid Sim — Can you match supply and demand on the UK grid? Real demand and generation data June 2024 to June 2025
| Source | Households (million) |
kWh/HH | SPF | TWh/yr |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 🏠 Standard grid |
|
|||
| 🌡️ Heat pumps |
|
|
|
{{ heatpump.demand_GWh*0.001 | toFixed(1) }} |
| 🚗 EVs |
|
{{ ev.demand_GWh*0.001 | toFixed(1) }} | ||
| Total demand | {{ demand_GWh*0.001 | toFixed(1) }} | |||
| Source | % demand | TWh/yr | Capacity | CF | LCOE £/MWh | Contribution |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ☀️ Solar |
%
|
{{ solar_GWh*0.001 | toFixed(1) }} | {{ solar_GWp | toFixed(1) }} GW | @{{ 10 | toFixed(1) }}% | +{{ solar_cost / demand_GWh | toFixed(0) }} | |
| 💨 Wind |
%
|
{{ wind_GWh*0.001 | toFixed(1) }} | {{ wind_GWp | toFixed(1) }} GW | @{{ wind_cap_factor | toFixed(1) }}% | +{{ wind_cost / demand_GWh | toFixed(0) }} | |
| ⚛️ Nuclear |
%
|
{{ nuclear_GWh*0.001 | toFixed(1) }} | {{ nuclear_GWp | toFixed(1) }} GW | @{{ nuclear_cap_factor | toFixed(1) }}% | +{{ nuclear_cost / demand_GWh | toFixed(0) }} | |
| 🔋 Storage | {{ store1_discharge_GWh / demand_GWh * 100 | toFixed(1) }}% | {{ store1_discharge_GWh*0.001 | toFixed(1) }} |
GWh
|
@{{ store1.cycles | toFixed(1) }} cycles | +{{ store1_cost / demand_GWh | toFixed(0) }} | |
| 🔥 Gas Backup | {{ backup.demand_GWh / demand_GWh * 100 | toFixed(1) }}% | {{ backup.demand_GWh*0.001 | toFixed(1) }} | {{ backup.capacity | toFixed(1) }} GW | @{{ backup.CF*100 | toFixed(2) }}% | +{{ backup_cost / demand_GWh | toFixed(0) }} |
{{ csv_output }}
Optimal dispatch holds charge for the deficits that actually set the gas backup fleet size (reducing backup capacity below), instead of emptying into the first shallow deficit. Set weight to 0 for energy-only optimisation.
The LCOS (levelised cost of storage) is calculated with the same discounted-cashflow method as the generator LCOEs: the capital cost per kWh of capacity above (default £245/kWh, based on the 600 MWh Kilmarnock South project at £147m), 1 year pre-development + 2 years construction, 20 year operating life, 8.9% hurdle rate and £3/MWh variable O&M. The capital cost is spread over the energy the battery actually discharges in the simulation, so the £/MWh falls the more cycles per year the dispatch achieves. Battery cost contribution to the system cost = annual discharged energy × LCOS, shown in the Supply and Cost breakdown.
E.g. Hydrogen, e-Methanol, e-Methane. This technology does not yet exist at scale.